This article examines the benefits of B-complex vitamins, as well as dosage and…. Discover some vitamins for weight loss and some minerals too …. Women have specific nutrient needs that change throughout their lifespan. This article covers vitamins for women and explains vitamin sources, dietary…. Want a cup of vitamin coffee? Instead of turning to coffee pods, learn how to make it yourself by adding one of these six healthy ingredients. Some people claim that certain vitamins and supplements can help you lose weight — but is that true?
Learn how to tell the facts from fiction. Vitamin D has numerous health benefits, but it's tricky to know which supplement to choose. Here are 13 of the best vitamin D supplements, according…. Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect. Your body cannot produce vitamin B6, so you must obtain it from foods or supplements. Here are 9 health benefits of vitamin B6, backed by science. Share on Pinterest.
Vitamin B6 plays an important role in mood regulation. Summary Low levels of vitamin B6 in older adults have been linked to depression, but research has not shown that B6 is an effective treatment for mood disorders. However, studies have not proven the effectiveness of B6 in improving brain health. More research is needed to understand the effectiveness of vitamin B6 in treating anemia in populations other than those at increased risk for B vitamin deficiency, such as pregnant women and older adults Summary Not getting enough vitamin B6 can lead to low hemoglobin and anemia, so supplementing with this vitamin may prevent or treat these issues.
Summary Some research has indicated that high doses of vitamin B6 may be effective at decreasing anxiety and other mood issues associated with PMS due to its role in creating neurotransmitters. Summary Vitamin B6 supplements in doses of 30—75 mg a day have been used as an effective treatment for nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. Vitamin B6 may prevent clogged arteries and minimize heart disease risk.
Human research also shows a beneficial effect of B6 in preventing heart disease. Summary Vitamin B6 may help reduce high homocysteine levels that lead to narrowing of arteries. This may minimize heart disease risk. May Help Prevent Cancer. Getting enough vitamin B6 may lower your risk of developing certain types of cancer.
Summary Some observational studies suggest a link between adequate dietary intake and blood levels of vitamin B6 and a decreased risk of certain types of cancer, but more research is needed. Additionally, adequate blood levels of B6 may prevent issues that affect the retina. One of its main roles is in helping the body metabolize proteins, fats, and carbohydrates for energy. This vitamin is also involved in:. Vitamin B6 deficiency is uncommon in the United States.
Most people get enough from their diets. Vitamin B6 helps to create neurotransmitters , which are important chemical messengers in the brain. It also helps regulate energy use in the brain. Some research suggests that vitamin B6 deficiency may be linked with cognitive decline and dementia. According to the Office of Dietary Supplements , studies have suggested that that older adults with higher blood levels of vitamin B6 have better memory.
However, there is little evidence to suggest that taking vitamin B6 supplements improves cognition or mood in people with or without dementia.
A review study from reports that taking pyridoxine may help with mild symptoms of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, compared with a placebo. It also reports that taking a combination of pyridoxine and doxylamine could help with moderate symptoms.
Based on the research, the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists ACOG recommend vitamin B6 supplements as a safe, over-the-counter treatment for nausea during pregnancy. A study published in indicated that vitamin B6 may help to protect people against the harmful effects of air pollution by reducing the impact of pollution on the epigenome. The researchers hope their findings may lead to new measures to prevent epigenetic changes that can result from exposure to air pollution.
Most foods have some vitamin B6. People with a well-balanced diet do not tend to develop a deficiency. Medical conditions and certain medications can lead to a deficiency.
Plasma PLP concentrations are also low in patients receiving maintenance kidney dialysis or intermittent peritoneal dialysis, as well as those who have undergone a kidney transplant, perhaps due to increased metabolic clearance of PLP [ 11 ].
Patients with kidney disease often show clinical symptoms similar to those of people with vitamin B6 deficiency [ 11 ]. People with rheumatoid arthritis often have low vitamin B6 concentrations, and vitamin B6 concentrations tend to decrease with increased disease severity [ 3 ]. These low vitamin B6 levels are due to the inflammation caused by the disease and, in turn, increase the inflammation associated with the disease. Although vitamin B6 supplements can normalize vitamin B6 concentrations in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, they do not suppress the production of inflammatory cytokines or decrease levels of inflammatory markers [ 3 , 12 ].
Patients with celiac disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and other malabsorptive autoimmune disorders tend to have low plasma PLP concentrations [ 3 ]. The mechanisms for this effect are not known. However, celiac disease is associated with lower pyridoxine absorption, and low PLP concentrations in inflammatory bowel disease could be due to the inflammatory response [ 3 ].
Plasma PLP concentrations tend to be very low in people with alcohol dependence [ 1 ]. Alcohol produces acetaldehyde, which decreases net PLP formation by cells and competes with PLP in protein binding [ 1 , 3 ]. As a result, the PLP in cells might be more susceptible to hydrolysis by membrane-bound phosphatase. People with alcohol dependence might benefit from pyridoxine supplementation [ 3 ]. Scientists have hypothesized that certain B vitamins folic acid, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6 might reduce cardiovascular disease risk by lowering homocysteine levels [ 1 , 13 ].
Therefore, several clinical trials have assessed the safety and efficacy of supplemental doses of B vitamins to reduce heart disease risk. Evaluating the impact of vitamin B6 from many of these trials is challenging because these studies also included folic acid and vitamin B12 supplementation. Moreover, most other large clinical trials have failed to demonstrate that supplemental B vitamins actually reduce the risk of cardiovascular events, even though they lower homocysteine levels.
The combined analysis of data from these two trials showed no benefit of vitamin B6 supplementation, with or without folic acid 0. In a trial of adults who had suffered a nondisabling stroke, supplementation with high or low doses of a combination of vitamins B6 and B12 and folic acid for 2 years had no effect on subsequent stroke incidence, cardiovascular events, or risk of death [ 16 ].
The research to date provides little evidence that supplemental amounts of vitamin B6, alone or with folic acid and vitamin B12, can help reduce the risk or severity of cardiovascular disease and stroke. Some research has associated low plasma vitamin B6 concentrations with an increased risk of certain kinds of cancer [ 3 ].
However, the small number of clinical trials completed to date has not shown that vitamin B6 supplementation can help prevent cancer or reduce its impact on mortality. For example, an analysis of data from two large randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials in Norway found no association between vitamin B6 supplementation and cancer incidence, mortality, or all-cause mortality [ 18 ]. Poor vitamin B6 status has been hypothesized to play a role in the cognitive decline that some older adults experience [ 19 ].
Several studies have demonstrated an association between vitamin B6 and brain function in the elderly. For example, an analysis of data from the Boston Normative Aging Study found associations between higher serum vitamin B6 concentrations and better memory test scores in 70 men aged 54—81 years [ 20 ]. According to this review, most of the studies were of low quality and limited applicability. A Cochrane review found no evidence that short-term vitamin B6 supplementation for 5—12 weeks improves cognitive function or mood in the two studies that the authors evaluated [ 21 ].
The review did find some evidence that daily vitamin B6 supplements 20 mg can affect biochemical indices of vitamin B6 status in healthy older men, but these changes had no overall impact on cognition. More evidence is needed to determine whether vitamin B6 supplements might help prevent or treat cognitive decline in elderly people. Some evidence suggests that vitamin B6 supplements could reduce the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome PMS , but conclusions are limited due to the poor quality of most studies [ 22 ].
A meta-analysis of nine published trials involving almost 1, women with PMS found that vitamin B6 is more effective in reducing PMS symptoms than placebo, but most of the studies analyzed were small and several had methodological weaknesses [ 22 ]. A more recent double-blind, randomized controlled trial in 94 women found that 80 mg pyridoxine taken daily over the course of three cycles was associated with statistically significant reductions in a broad range of PMS symptoms, including moodiness, irritability, forgetfulness, bloating, and, especially, anxiety [ 23 ].
The potential effectiveness of vitamin B6 in alleviating the mood-related symptoms of PMS could be due to its role as a cofactor in neurotransmitter biosynthesis [ 24 ]. Although vitamin B6 shows promise for alleviating PMS symptoms, more research is needed before drawing firm conclusions. Although this condition is generally known as "morning sickness," it often lasts throughout the day. The condition is not life threatening and typically goes away after 12—20 weeks, but its symptoms can disrupt a woman's social and physical functioning.
Prospective studies on vitamin B6 supplements to treat morning sickness have had mixed results. In two randomized, placebo-controlled trials, 30—75 mg of oral pyridoxine per day significantly decreased nausea in pregnant women who were experiencing nausea [ 27 , 28 ]. The authors of a recent Cochrane review of studies on interventions for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy could not draw firm conclusions on the value of vitamin B6 to control the symptoms of morning sickness [ 26 ]. The American Congress of Obstetrics and Gynecology ACOG recommends monotherapy with 10—25 mg of vitamin B6 three or four times a day to treat nausea and vomiting in pregnancy [ 29 ].
If the patient's condition does not improve, ACOG recommends adding doxylamine. Before taking a vitamin B6 supplement, pregnant women should consult a physician because doses could approach the UL. High intakes of vitamin B6 from food sources have not been reported to cause adverse effects [ 1 ]. However, chronic administration of 1—6 g oral pyridoxine per day for 12—40 months can cause severe and progressive sensory neuropathy characterized by ataxia loss of control of bodily movements [ 10 , ].
Symptom severity appears to be dose dependent, and the symptoms usually stop if the patient discontinues the pyridoxine supplements as soon as the neurologic symptoms appear. Other effects of excessive vitamin B6 intakes include painful, disfiguring dermatological lesions; photosensitivity; and gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea and heartburn [ 1 , 2 , 30 ].
The scientific literature includes isolated case reports of congenital defects in the infants of women who took pyridoxine supplements during the first half of pregnancy [ 7 ]. However, a more recent observational study found no association between pyridoxine supplementation mean dose ULs are lower for children and adolescents based on body size.
The ULs do not apply to individuals receiving vitamin B6 for medical treatment, but such individuals should be under the care of a physician. But studies to date have not shown that vitamin B6 supplements can help prevent cancer or lower the chances of dying from this disease.
Some research indicates that elderly people who have higher blood levels of vitamin B6 have better memory. Scientists aren't yet certain about the potential benefits of taking vitamin B6 for premenstrual syndrome PMS. But some studies show that vitamin B6 supplements could reduce PMS symptoms , including moodiness, irritability, forgetfulness, bloating, and anxiety.
At least half of all women experience nausea , vomiting, or both in the first few months of pregnancy. Based on the results of several studies, the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists ACOG recommends taking vitamin B6 supplements under a doctor's care for nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. People almost never get too much vitamin B6 from food or beverages. But taking high levels of vitamin B6 from supplements for a year or longer can cause severe nerve damage, leading people to lose control of their bodily movements.
The symptoms usually stop when they stop taking the supplements. Other symptoms of too much vitamin B6 include painful, unsightly skin patches, extreme sensitivity to sunlight, nausea, and heartburn.
The daily upper limits for vitamin B6 include intakes from all sources—food, beverages, and supplements—and are listed below. These levels do not apply to people who are taking vitamin B6 for medical reasons under the care of a doctor.
Yes, vitamin B6 supplements can interact or interfere with medicines that you take. Here are several examples:. Tell your doctor, pharmacist, and other healthcare providers about any dietary supplements and medicines you take.
They can tell you if those dietary supplements might interact or interfere with your prescription or over-the-counter medicines or if the medicines might interfere with how your body absorbs, uses, or breaks down nutrients.
0コメント