The concentric rings are named from the center out as "A" through "E" with in addition "F" and "G" in the basement. Office numbers go clockwise around each of the rings, and have two parts: a nearest-corridor number 1 to 10 followed by a bay number 00 to 99 , so office numbers range from to These corridors radiate out from the central courtyard, with corridor 1 beginning with the Concourse's south end.
Each numbered radial corridor intersects with the corresponding numbered group of offices for example, corridor 5 divides the series office block. There are a number of historical displays in the building, particularly in the "A" and "E" rings. Floors in the Pentagon are lettered "B" for Basement and "M" for Mezzanine , both of which are below ground level.
The concourse is located on the second floor at the metro entrance. Above ground floors are numbered 1 to 5. Room numbers are given as the floor, concentric ring, and office number which is in turn the nearest corridor number followed by the bay number. So, office 2B is on the second floor, B ring, and nearest to corridor 3 between corridors 2 and 3.
One way to get to this office would be to go to the second floor, get to the A innermost ring, go to and take corridor 3, and then turn left on ring B to get to bay A person can walk between any two points in less than seven minutes. Just south of the Pentagon are Pentagon City and Crystal City , extensive shopping and high-density residential districts in Arlington.
Arlington National Cemetery is to the north. The Pentagon is surrounded by the complex Pentagon road network. It opened in a separate building on the north side of the Pentagon in The public may take a 60 minute long tour of the building. Vikidia currently has 3, articles.
Improve it! From Vikidia, the encyclopedia for 8 to year-old children that everybody can make better. Jump to: navigation , search. For the geometric shape, see Pentagon. Retrieved Department of Defense. Retrieved August 18, Judicial Watch. Retrieved October 26, United States Department of Defense.
September 20, Retrieved May 6, War Department was growing rapidly, with 24, personnel scattered among 17 buildings in Washington , D. By the beginning of the next year, that number was expected to reach 30, By that time, however, the building was deemed far too small.
In , it would become the headquarters of the U. State Department. General George C. A building this large could not fit in Washington, so Somervell chose a site across the Potomac River in Virginia , just east of Arlington National Cemetery. Known as Arlington Farm, the plot of land was once part of the grand estate of the Confederate general Robert E.
Edwin Bergstrom, drew up the design for the building, he was forced by the position of existing roads at the site to use an asymmetrical five-sided shape. Somervell had determined that the building could be no more than four stories high, both to accommodate a wartime scarcity of steel and to prevent blocking the views of Washington, D.
The three-story building would be completed, he claimed, within a year, with , square feet ready for use within six months. The House of Representatives passed the necessary legislation for the project on July 28, ; the Senate on August By that time, however, controversy had arisen over the scale of the building, as well as its location so close to the hallowed ground of Arlington National Cemetery.
Moved by the protests, Roosevelt declared that the project should be moved to a site three-quarters of a mile south of Arlington Farm, adjacent to Washington-Hoover Airport. He also directed Somervell to reduce the size of the building to no more than 2. A pentagonal shape meant shorter interior distances than with a rectangle, while the straight sides were easier to build than a circular building; the shape also recalled traditional fortress constructions, as well as Civil War-era battlements.
Construction on the Pentagon began without fanfare on September 11, By early December , 3, workers were on the site during the day, but construction was still behind schedule. Groves, who would later be chosen to head the Manhattan Project and build the atomic bomb. The already-tight construction schedule was moved up, and by March , more than 10, people were working on the site.
At one particularly intense stage, 15, people were working three shifts, 24 hours a day, with floodlights illuminating the site at night.
Its massive bulk—6. Many wondered what to do with the Pentagon after the war ended, as the common view was that the War Department would have no need for a building so large in peacetime. Some said it should be converted into a hospital, a university or headquarters for the Veterans Administration, but the Army had no intention of giving it up.
In September , Congress passed the National Security Act , ushering in the single biggest military reorganization in American history. To provide a strong center for the military establishment, President Harry Truman wanted the Navy, Army and Air Force all to be headquartered in the Pentagon. After Truman replaced him with Louis Johnson in January , Forrestal suffered a nervous breakdown; four months later, he committed suicide.
Despite this inauspicious start, the defense establishment continued to solidify itself, especially after August , when the Soviet Union exploded an atomic bomb in Siberia. On August 10, Truman signed a law giving the secretary of defense total power over the armed forces and renaming the National Military Establishment the Department of Defense.
By the time the Korean War ended, the building had become a tourist attraction, with people strolling its grounds and inner courtyard, and gawking at its massive size.
Meanwhile, more than 2, federal troops gathered inside the building, armed with tear gas. One of the protesters, Norman Mailer , chronicled the march in his classic book The Armies of the Night. When the crowd surged toward the building, soldiers met them with bayonets fixed to their rifles. However, the incident only worsened relations between antiwar protesters and the government.
It exploded at 1 a. By that time, it had become increasingly apparent that the aging infrastructure of the Pentagon—proclaimed a National Historic Landmark in —was in need of a sweeping renovation to meet the challenges of a new age. As before, the renovation went far beyond its original timeline and way over budget, especially after security precautions were stepped up after U. By September 11, , the renovations were in their final stages.
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